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Directions for Working Model Engines
1. To ascertain the capacity, fill boiler with cold water, pour whole contents into a measure, and call half of this 'a charge'.
2. Charge the boiler with boiling water by means of a funnel through the opening provided for that purpose.
3. Where steam taps are provided, keep them 'turned off' until steam is well up.
4. This will be indicated by a slight escape of steam through the safety-valve.
5. In most model locomotives an upright position of the handle turns the steam on, and a horizontal one turns the steam off. An experiment will settle this point.
6. What ever the form of engine, after turning on steam, a few turns should be given with the hand to the fly-wheel or driving-wheel to set in motion, and give time for the heating of the cylinders.
7. Use dry cotton wick for lamps or 'furnaces'.
8. Lamps should not be more than half filled.
9. For fuel, use naphtha, spirit of wine, or methylated spirits.
10. Fill wick-holders with a compact mass of wick.
11. If wick be to loose, spirit rises to rapidly, ignites and overflows.
12. Lubricate all joints freely with feather dipped in olive oil.
13. To avoid injury to furniture, stand models in a tea-tray while working.
The Model Steam Engine, 1880
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